Hariho ubwoko bwinshi bwa peptide ya transembrane, kandi ibyiciro byabo bishingiye kumiterere yumubiri nubumara, inkomoko, uburyo bwo gufata, hamwe nubuzima bwa biomedical.Ukurikije imiterere yumubiri nubumara, membrane yinjira peptide irashobora kugabanywamo ubwoko butatu: cationic, amphiphilic na hydrophobique.Cationic na amphiphilic membrane yinjira muri peptide igera kuri 85%, mugihe hydrophobique membrane yinjira peptide igera kuri 15% gusa.
1. Cationic membrane yinjira peptide
Peptide ya cationic transembrane igizwe na peptide ngufi ikungahaye kuri arginine, lysine, na histidine, nka TAT, Penetratin, Polyarginine, P22N, DPV3 na DPV6.Muri byo, arginine irimo guanidine, ishobora guhuza hydrogène hamwe na acide ya fosifori yuzuye nabi kuri selile selile hanyuma igahuza peptide ya transembrane muri membrane ukurikije agaciro ka PH physiologique.Ubushakashatsi bwakozwe na oligarginine (kuva kuri 3 R kugeza 12 R) bwerekanye ko ubushobozi bwo kwinjira muri membrane bwagerwaho gusa igihe ingano ya arginine yari munsi ya 8, kandi ubushobozi bwo kwinjira muri membrane bwagiye bwiyongera buhoro buhoro hamwe no kwiyongera kwa arginine.Lysine, nubwo cationic nka arginine, ntabwo irimo guanidine, iyo rero ibaho yonyine, imikorere yayo yinjira ntabwo iba hejuru cyane.Futaki n'abandi..Nubwo ibisigisigi bya aminide isigara neza ni ngombwa kugirango peptide yinjira muri membrane, andi acide amine nayo irahambaye kimwe, nko mugihe W14 ihinduye F, kwinjira kwa Penetratin biratakara.
Icyiciro cyihariye cya cationic transembrane peptide ni urwego rwa kirimbuzi (NLSs), rugizwe na peptide ngufi ikungahaye kuri arginine, lysine na proline kandi ishobora kujyanwa muri nucleus binyuze mu kigo cya pore nucleaire.NLSs irashobora kugabanywa muburyo bumwe no kwandika kabiri, bigizwe na cluster imwe na ebyiri za acide yibanze ya amine acide.Kurugero, PKKKRKV ituruka kuri virusi ya simiyani 40 (SV40) ni imwe yandika NLS, naho proteyine ya kirimbuzi niyandika kabiri NLS.KRPAATKKAGQAKKKL nuruhererekane rugufi rushobora kugira uruhare muri transembrane.Kuberako NLS nyinshi zifite umubare utari munsi ya 8, NLS ntabwo ikora peptide ya transembrane ikora neza, ariko irashobora kuba peptide ya transembrane mugihe ihuye neza na hydrophobique peptide ikurikirana kugirango ibe peptide ya amphiphilic transembrane.
2. Amphiphilic transmembrane peptide
Amphiphilic transmembrane peptide igizwe na hydrophilique na hydrophobique domaine, ishobora kugabanywamo amphifilike yambere, icyiciro cya kabiri α-helical amphiphilic, β -gukubita amphifilique na amphifilike ikungahaye kuri proline.
Ubwoko bwibanze bwa amphiphilic bwambara membrane peptide mubyiciro bibiri, icyiciro hamwe na NLSs bihujwe bihujwe na hydrophobique peptide ikurikirana, nka MPG (GLAFLGFLGAAGSTMGAWSQPKKKRKV) na Pep - 1 (KETWWETWWTEWSQPKKRKV), byombi bishingiye kuri hydropKKKK indangarubuga ya MPG ifitanye isano no guhuza virusi ya virusi ya glycoproteine 41 (GALFLGFLGAAGSTMG A), naho hydrophobique ya Pep-1 ifitanye isano na triptophan ikungahaye hamwe na membrane nyinshi (KETWWET WWTEW).Nyamara, hydrophobique domaine zombi zifitanye isano nikimenyetso cya kirimbuzi PKKKRKV binyuze muri WSQP.Irindi tsinda rya amphiphilic transembrane peptide ryatandukanijwe na poroteyine karemano, nka pVEC, ARF (1-22) na BPrPr (1-28).
Igice cya kabiri α-helical amphiphilic transembrane peptide ihuza membrane ikoresheje α-helices, kandi ibisigisigi bya hydrophilique na hydrophobique amino acide biherereye hejuru yimiterere yimiterere, nka MAP (KLALKLALK ALKAALKLA).Kubwoko bwa beta peptide yambara amphiphilic yambara membrane, ubushobozi bwayo bwo gukora urupapuro rushimishije rwa beta ningirakamaro mubushobozi bwayo bwo kwinjira muri membrane, nko muri VT5 (DPKGDPKGVTVTVTVTVTGKGDPKPD) murwego rwo gukora ubushakashatsi kubushobozi bwo kwinjira muri membrane, ukoresheje ubwoko D - igereranya rya amino acide ntishobora gukora beta igabanijwe, ubushobozi bwo kwinjira muri membrane burakennye cyane.Muri peptide ikungahaye kuri amphiphilic transembrane peptide, polyproline II (PPII) ikorwa byoroshye mumazi meza mugihe proline ikungahaye cyane muburyo bwa polypeptide.PPII ni helix ibumoso ifite ibisigisigi bya aside amine 3.0 kuri buri cyiciro, bitandukanye nuburyo busanzwe bwiburyo bwa alpha-helix hamwe nibisigisigi bya aside amine 3.6 kuri buri murongo.Prolide ikungahaye kuri amphiphilic transembrane peptide yarimo bovine antimicrobial peptide 7 (Bac7), polypeptide ya syntetique (PPR) n (n ishobora kuba 3, 4, 5 na 6), nibindi.
3. Hydrophobique membrane yinjira peptide
Hydrophobic transembrane peptide irimo gusa ibisigisigi bya aside amine idafite polarike, hamwe na net net iri munsi ya 20% yumubare wuzuye wa aside amine ikurikirana, cyangwa irimo hydrophobique moieties cyangwa amatsinda yimiti ningirakamaro kuri transembrane.Nubwo izo peptide zanduza selile akenshi zirengagizwa, zirahari, nkibintu bikura bya fibroblast (K-FGF) hamwe niterambere rya fibroblast 12 (F-GF12) biva muri sarcoma ya Kaposi.
Igihe cyoherejwe: Werurwe-19-2023